Introduction
Looking to upgrade your lighting or boost your automation game? Installing a PIR motion sensor is the perfect move. Whether you’re doing it for energy savings, smart automation, or security, this guide will walk you through the process using a clear motion sensor wiring diagram and practical tips.
What is a PIR Motion Sensor?
A PIR (Passive Infrared) motion sensor detects infrared radiation (heat) from humans or animals. It’s the most popular choice for lighting automation, especially for spaces like corridors, washrooms, staircases, and entrances.
When movement is detected within its field of view, the sensor automatically switches on the connected device—usually a light or a fan.
Where Can You Use a PIR Sensor?
These sensors are ideal for:
- Homes and apartments
- Office buildings
- Toilets and washrooms
- Staircases
- Warehouses
- Corridors and passages
- Factory units
Tools & Materials You’ll Need
These sensors are ideal for:
- PIR motion sensor (wall or ceiling mount)
- 1.5 mm² electrical wire (multi-strand preferred)
- Drill and fixing screws
- Wire stripper, voltage tester
- Electrical tape or wire connectors
PIR Motion Sensor Wiring Diagram
Before jumping in, refer to the following PIR sensor wiring diagram to understand how it all comes together:
Label Breakdown:
- L (Live): Phase wire from your power supply
- N (Neutral): Neutral wire from power source
- OUT: Load wire (connects to the device like a bulb or fan)
How to Connect a PIR Motion Sensor: Step-by-Step
Step 1: Power Off
Switch off the main circuit breaker. Always double-check with a voltage tester to ensure safety.
Step 2: Mount the Sensor
Install the sensor 2.2 to 2.7 meters above the ground. This height gives the best motion detection range.
Step 3: Make Electrical Connections
- Live wire from MCB to L terminal on the PIR sensor
- Neutral wire from power source to N terminal on the PIR sensor
- Load wire from sensor’s OUT terminal to light or fan
- Neutral wire from power source to load (bulb/fan)
Step 4: Power On & Test
Switch the power back ON. Walk in front of the sensor and observe the load turning ON. Use the knobs on the PIR sensor to adjust:
- Time: Duration the load stays ON
- LUX: Sensitivity to ambient light
- Sensitivity: Distance range
Pro Tips for Smooth Installation
- Use quality wires and proper insulation
- For inductive loads like fans, ensure the PIR sensor supports it
- Set LUX low to operate only in darkness, or higher for all-day use
- Avoid pointing sensors at heat sources or vibrating objects
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Yes, if you’re comfortable with basic electrical wiring. Otherwise, call a qualified electrician.
Absolutely. Set the LUX control low so it triggers only in dark conditions.
Most can handle up to 800W incandescent or 200W LED. Always verify on the label.
Use the Live (L) and Neutral (N) wires for power, and connect the OUT terminal to the light’s live input. Don’t forget to complete the neutral circuit back to the power supply.
Yes, but make sure it supports inductive loads. Some sensors are only designed for resistive loads like lights.
Final Thoughts
Installing a PIR motion sensor is a quick win for automation, energy savings, and even security. With the help of this PIR motion sensor wiring guide, you now have everything needed to do it safely and smartly.
Need Help with Installation?
If you’re not 100% confident doing it yourself, no worries — we’ve got you covered.